[volunteer]: Urban Forest Educator, Seattle Dpt. of Parks and Recreation

Volunteer with Seattle Parks & Recreation!
Urban Forest Educators
A Branch of the Seattle Volunteer Naturalist Program

Become an Urban Forest Educator!

Urban Forest Educators are volunteers who engage young people in the restoration of Seattle’s forested parks and greenspaces by leading environmental learning and stewardship opportunities.

As an Urban Forest Educator, you will:

· Receive training on Pacific Northwest forest ecology, habitat restoration, and environmental education techniques for diverse audiences.

· Lead learning and stewardship events (interpretive forest walks, invasive plant removal, native plant installation, and more) in Seattle’s urban forest with young people.

For more information or to apply by August 18, please visit www.seattle.gov/parks/environment/learning.htm.

Justin Hellier
Naturalist, Discovery Park Environmental Learning Center
3801 Discovery Park Blvd, Seattle, WA 98199
Seattle Department of Parks and Recreation
206.386.4169
justin.hellier@seattle.gov
http://www.seattle.gov/parks/

Seattle Parks and Recreation will work with all citizens to be
good stewards of our environment, and to provide safe and welcoming
opportunities to play, learn, contemplate and build community.


Ocean upwelling becoming more intense with a changing climate

Ocean winds drive upwelling and productivity along certain coastlines. (photo: Ron LaValley)
Ocean winds drive upwelling and productivity along the eastern edges of some ocean basins.

Our Washington coastline is one of the most prolific and productive in the world, teeming with abundant plant and animal life. In fact, much of entire U.S. west coast is the same, and we can largely thank a strong upwelling system for driving this bounty. New research published in Science has shown that upwelling in the eastern boundary current systems – meaning, the eastern edges of ocean basins across the globe where winds, currents, and geological formations create a prime environment for upwelling – has increased globally over the past 60 years. This pattern is consistent with what is predicted with climate change, and with that comes both positives and negatives for marine ecosystems. Sarah Ann Thompson, who is a visiting scholar with the College of the Environment’s Climate Impacts Group, coauthored the paper and explores the consequences of this changing pattern.


Flow experiments, cloud dynamics, extreme fires and more: this week’s College-published research

Each week we share the latest publications coming from the College of the Environment. This week, twenty-three new articles co-authored by members of the College of the Environment were added to the Web of Science.

1TitleAnnual distributions and sources of Arctic aerosol components, aerosol optical depth, and aerosol absorption (Abstract only; registration required for full text)

Authors: Breider, Thomas J.[ 1 ] ; Mickley, Loretta J.[ 1 ] ; Jacob, Daniel J.[ 1 ] ; Wang, Qiaoqiao[ 1 ] ; Fisher, Jenny A.[ 2 ] ; Chang, Rachel. Y. -W.[ 3 ] ; Alexander, Becky[ 4 ]

[ 1 ] Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA
[ 2 ] Univ Wollongong, Sch Chem, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
[ 3 ] Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA
[ 4 ] Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA

Journal: JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES

 

2TitleImpact of large-scale dynamics on the microphysical properties of midlatitude cirrus (Abstract only; registration required for full text)

Authors: Muhlbauer, Andreas[ 1 ] ; Ackerman, Thomas P.[ 1,2 ] ; Comstock, Jennifer M.[ 3 ] ; Diskin, Glenn S.[ 4 ] ; Evans, Stuart M.[ 2 ] ; Lawson, R. Paul[ 5 ] ; Marchand, Roger T.[ 2 ]

[ 1 ] Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Oceans, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
[ 2 ] Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
[ 3 ] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA
[ 4 ] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA
[ 5 ] Spec Inc, Boulder, CO USA

Journal: JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES

 

3TitleDynamics of pyroclastic density currents: Conditions that promote substrate erosion and self-channelization – Mount St Helens, Washington (USA) (Abstract only; registration required for full text)

Authors: Brand, Brittany D.[ 1,2 ] ; Mackaman-Lofland, Chelsea[ 2 ] ; Pollock, Nicholas M.[ 2 ] ; Bendana, Sylvana[ 2 ] ; Dawson, Blaine[ 1,2 ] ; Wichgers, Pamela[ 2 ]

[ 1 ] Boise State Univ, Dept Geosci, Boise, ID 83725 USA
[ 2 ] Univ Washington, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA

Journal: JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH

 

4TitleHindcasts of potential harmful algal bloom transport pathways on the Pacific Northwest coast (Abstract only; registration required for full text)

Authors: Giddings, S. N.[ 1 ] ; MacCready, P.[ 1 ] ; Hickey, B. M.[ 1 ] ; Banas, N. S.[ 2 ] ; Davis, K. A.[ 3 ] ; Siedlecki, S. A.[ 2 ] ; Trainer, V. L.[ 4 ] ; Kudela, R. M.[ 5 ] ; Pelland, N. A.[ 1 ] ; Connolly, T. P.[ 1 ]

[ 1 ] Univ Washington, Sch Oceanog, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
[ 2 ] Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Oceans, Seattle, WA USA
[ 3 ] UC Irvine, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Irvine, CA USA
[ 4 ] NOAA Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA USA
[ 5 ] UC Santa Cruz, Dept Ocean Sci, Santa Cruz, CA USA

Journal: JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS

 

5TitleAre large-scale flow experiments informing the science and management of freshwater ecosystems? (Abstract only; registration required for full text)

Authors: Olden, Julian D.[ 1 ] ; Konrad, Christopher P.[ 2 ] ; Melis, Theodore S.[ 3 ] ; Kennard, Mark J.[ 4 ] ; Freeman, Mary C.[ 5 ] ; Mims, Meryl C.[ 1 ] ; Bray, Erin N.[ 6 ] ; Gido, Keith B.[ 7 ] ; Hemphill, Nina P.[ 8 ] ; Lytle, David A.[ 9 ] ; McMullen, Laura E.[ 10 ] ; Pyron, Mark[ 11 ] ; Robinson, Christopher T.[ 12 ] ; Schmidt, JC (Schmidt, John C.)[ 13 ] ; Williams, JG (Williams, John G.)[ 1 ]

[ 1 ] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
[ 2 ] US Geol Survey, Washington Water Sci Ctr, Tacoma, WA USA
[ 3 ] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA
[ 4 ] Griffith Univ, Northern Australia Hub & Australian Rivers Inst, Natl Environm Res Program, Nathan, Qld 4111, Australia
[ 5 ] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Athens, GA USA
[ 6 ] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Donald Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA
[ 7 ] Kansas State Univ, Div Biol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA
[ 8 ] US Forest Serv, Sequoia Natl Forest, Porterville, CA USA
[ 9 ] Oregon State Univ, Dept Zool, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA
[ 10 ] ICF Int, Portland, OR USA
[ 11 ] Ball State Univ, Dept Biol, Muncie, IN 47306 USA
[ 12 ] Swiss Fed Inst Aquat Sci & Technol, Dubendorf, Switzerland
[ 13 ] Utah State Univ, Dept Watershed Sci, Logan, UT 84322 USA

Journal: FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT

 

6TitleFuel treatments and landform modify landscape patterns of burn severity in an extreme fire event (Abstract only; registration required for full text)

Authors: Prichard, Susan J.[ 1 ] ; Kennedy, Maureen C.[ 1 ]

[ 1 ] Univ Washington, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA

Journal: ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS

 

7TitleDetection and mapping of QTL for temperature tolerance and body size in Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) using genotyping by sequencing (Abstract only; registration required for full text)

Authors: Everett, Meredith V.[ 1 ] ; Seeb, James E.[ 1 ]

[ 1 ] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA

Journal: EVOLUTIONARY APPLICATIONS

 

8TitleCalcium carbonate dissolution in the upper 1000m of the eastern North Atlantic (Abstract only; registration required for full text)

Authors: Barrett, Pamela M.[ 1,2 ] ; Resing, Joseph A.[ 2,3 ] ; Buck, Nathaniel J.[ 2 ] ; Feely, Richard A.[ 3 ] ; Bullister, John L.[ 3 ] ; Buck, Clifton S.[ 4 ] ; Landing, William M.[ 4 ]

[ 1 ] Univ Washington, Sch Oceanog, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
[ 2 ] Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Ocean, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
[ 3 ] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA
[ 4 ] Florida State Univ, Dept Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA

Journal: GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES

 

9TitleRefugium for surface life on Snowball Earth in a nearly enclosed sea? A numerical solution for sea-glacier invasion through a narrow strait (Abstract only; registration required for full text)

Authors: Campbell, Adam J.[ 1 ] ; Waddington, Edwin D.[ 1 ] ; Warren, Stephen G.[ 1,2 ]

[ 1 ] Univ Washington, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
[ 2 ] Univ Washington, Astrobiol Program, Seattle, WA 98195 USA

Journal: JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS

 

10TitleOCEAN-CLOUD-ATMOSPHERELAND INTERACTIONS IN THE SOUTHEASTERN PACIFIC (Abstract only; registration required for full text)

Authors: Mechoso, C. R.[ 1 ] ; Wood, R.[ 2 ] ; Weller, R.[ 3 ] ; Bretherton, C. S.[ 2 ] ; Clarke, A. D.[ 4 ] ; Coe, H.[ 5 ] ; Fairall, C.[ 6 ] ; Farrar, J. T.[ 3 ] ; Feingold, G.[ 6 ] ; Garreaud, R.[ 7,8 ] ; Grados, C.[ 9 ] ; McWilliams, J.[ 1 ] ; de Szoeke, S. P.[ 10 ] ; Yuter, S. E.[ 11 ] ; Zuidema, P.[ 12 ]

[ 1 ] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90045 USA
[ 2 ] Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
[ 3 ] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Phys Oceanog, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA
[ 4 ] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Oceanog, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA
[ 5 ] Univ Manchester, Sch Earth Atmospher & Environm Sci, Manchester, Lancs, England
[ 6 ] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA
[ 7 ] Univ Chile, Dept Geophys, Santiago, Chile
[ 8 ] Univ Chile, Ctr Climate & Resilience Res, Santiago, Chile
[ 9 ] Inst Mar Peru, Circuito Callao, Peru
[ 10 ] Oregon State Univ, Coll Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA
[ 11 ] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Marine Earth & Atmospher Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA
[ 12 ] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA

Journal: BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY

 

11TitleA Dense Linkage Map for Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) Reveals Variable Chromosomal Divergence After an Ancestral Whole Genome Duplication Event (Abstract only; registration required for full text)

Authors: Brieuc, Marine S. O.[ 1 ] ; Waters, Charles D.[ 1 ] ; Seeb, James E.[ 1 ] ; Naish, Kerry A.[ 1 ]

[ 1 ] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA

Journal: G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS

 

12TitleThe dynamics of pressure and form drag on a sloping headland: Internal waves versus eddies (Abstract only; registration required for full text)

Authors: Warner, Sally J.[ 1 ] ; MacCready, Parker[ 2 ]

[ 1 ] Oregon State Univ, Coll Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA
[ 2 ] Univ Washington, Sch Oceanog, Seattle, WA 98195 USA

Journal: JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS

 

13TitleKarst Depression Detection Using ASTER, ALOS/PRISM and SRTM-Derived Digital Elevation Models in the Bambu Group, Brazil (OPEN ACCESS!)

Authors: de Carvalho Junior, Osmar Abilio[ 1 ] ; Guimaraes, Renato Fontes[ 1 ] ; Montgomery, David R.[ 2 ] ; Gillespie, Alan R.[ 2 ] ; Trancoso Gomes, Roberto Arnaldo[ 1 ] ; Martins, Eder de Souza[ 3 ] ; Silva, Nilton Correia[ 4 ]

[ 1 ] Univ Brasilia UnB, Dept Geog, BR-70910900 Brasilia, DF, Brazil
[ 2 ] Univ Washington, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
[ 3 ] EMBRAPA Cerrados, BR-73310970 Planaltina, DF, Brazil
[ 4 ] Univ Brasilia UnB, Fac Engn Gama, BR-72444240 Gama, DF, Brazil

Journal: REMOTE SENSING

 

14TitleEstimation of forest structure and canopy fuel parameters from small-footprint full-waveform LiDAR data (Abstract only; registration required for full text)

Authors: Hermosilla, Txomin[ 1,2 ] ; Ruiz, Luis A.[ 1 ] ; Kazakova, Alexandra N.[ 3,4 ] ; Coops, Nicholas C.[ 2 ] ; Moskal, L. Monika[ 3,4 ]

[ 1 ] Univ Politecn Valencia, Geoenvironm Cartog & Remote Sensing Grp, E-46022 Valencia, Spain
[ 2 ] Univ British Columbia, Dept Forest Resources Management, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
[ 3 ] Univ Washington, Remote Sensing & Geospatial Anal Lab, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
[ 4 ] Univ Washington, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Coll Environm, Seattle, WA 98195 USA

Journal: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE

 

15TitleTemperature-driven flower longevity in a high-alpine species of Oxalis influences reproductive assurance (Abstract only; registration required for full text)

Authors: Arroyo, Mary T. K.[ 1,2 ] ; Dudley, Leah S.[ 3 ] ; Jespersen, Gus[ 4 ] ; Pacheco, Diego A.[ 1,2 ] ; Cavieres, Lohengrin A.[ 1,5 ]

[ 1 ] IEB, Santiago, Chile
[ 2 ] Univ Chile, Fac Ciencias, Dept Ciencias Ecol, Santiago, Chile
[ 3 ] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Ecol Evolut & Marine Biol, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA
[ 4 ] Univ Washington, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
[ 5 ] Univ Concepcion, Dept Bot, Concepcion, Chile

Journal: NEW PHYTOLOGIST

 

16TitleThe activation and cryopreservation of sablefish (Anoplopoma fimbria) sperm (Abstract only; registration required for full text)

Authors: Immerman, Douglas A.[ 1 ] ; Goetz, Frederick W.[ 2 ]

[ 1 ] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
[ 2 ] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Resource Enhancement & Utilizat Technol Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, NOAA,Manchester Res Stn, Manchester, WA 98366 USA

Journal: AQUACULTURE

 

17TitleThe ctenophore genome and the evolutionary origins of neural systems (OPEN ACCESS!)

Authors: Moroz, Leonid L.[ 1,2,3,4 ] ; Kocot, Kevin M.[ 5 ] ; Citarella, Mathew R.[ 1 ] ; Dosung, Sohn[ 1 ] ; Norekian, Tigran P.[ 1,4 ] ; Povolotskaya, Inna S.[ 6,7 ] ; Grigorenko, Anastasia P.[ 8,9 ] ; Dailey, Christopher[ 10,11 ] ; Berezikov, Eugene[ 12 ] ; Buckley, Katherine M.[ 13,14 ] ; Ptitsyn, Andrey[ 1 ] ; Reshetov, Denis[ 9 ] ; Mukherjee, Krishanu[ 1 ] ; Moroz, Tatiana P.[ 1 ] ; Bobkova, Yelena[ 1 ] ; Yu, Fahong[ 2,3 ] ; Kapitonov, Vladimir V.[ 15 ] ; Jurka, Jerzy[ 15 ] ; Bobkov, Yuri V.[ 1 ] ; Swore, Joshua J.[ 1,4 ] ; Girardo, David O.[ 1,4 ] ; Fodor, Alexander[ 1 ] ; Gusev, Fedor[ 8,9 ] ; Sanford, Rachel[ 1 ] ; Bruders, Rebecca[ 1,4 ] ; Kittler, Ellen[ 16 ] ; Mills, Claudia E.[ 4 ] ; Rast, Jonathan P.[ 13,14 ] ; Derelle, Romain[ 6,7 ] ; Solovyev, Victor V.[ 17 ] ; Kondrashov, Fyodor A.[ 6,7,18 ] ; Swalla, Billie J.[ 4 ] ; Sweedler, Jonathan V.[ 10,11 ] ; Rogaev, Evgeny I.[ 8,9,19,20,21 ] ; Halanych, Kenneth M.[ 5 ] ; Kohn, Andrea B.[ 1 ]

[ 1 ] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
[ 2 ] Nat Resources Consultants Inc, Seattle, WA 98199 USA
[ 3 ] Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, Dayton, WA 99362 USA

Journal: NATURE

 

18TitleThe latitudinal species richness gradient in New World woody angiosperms is consistent with the tropical conservatism hypothesis (Abstract only; registration required for full text)

Authors: Kerkhoff, Andrew J.[ 1,2 ] ; Moriarty, Pamela E.[ 1,2,3 ] ; Weiser, Michael D.[ 4 ]

[ 1 ] Kenyon Coll, Dept Biol, Gambier, OH 43050 USA
[ 2 ] Kenyon Coll, Dept Math & Stat, Gambier, OH 43050 USA
[ 3 ] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98105 USA
[ 4 ] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Biol, Norman, OK 73019 USA

Journal: PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

 

19TitleThe dynamic development of exclusion zones on cellulosic surfaces (Abstract only; registration required for full text)

Authors: Sulbaran, Belkis[ 1 ] ; Toriz, Guillermo[ 1 ] ; Allan, G. Graham[ 2,3 ] ; Pollack, Gerald H.[ 4 ] ; Delgado, Ezequiel[ 1 ]

[ 1 ] Univ Guadalajara, Dept Madera Celulosa & Papel, Guadalajara 45110, Jalisco, Mexico
[ 2 ] Univ Washington, Dept Chem Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
[ 3 ] Univ Washington, Coll Environm, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
[ 4 ] Univ Washington, Dept Bioengn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA

Journal: CELLULOSE

 

20TitleEvolutionary history and the strength of species interactions: testing the phylogenetic limiting similarity hypothesis (Abstract only; registration required for full text)

Authors: Fritschie, Keith J.[ 1 ] ; Cardinale, Bradley J.[ 1 ] ; Alexandrou, Markos A.[ 2 ] ; Oakley, Todd H.[ 2 ]

[ 1 ] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
[ 2 ] Nat Resources Consultants Inc, Seattle, WA 98199 USA
[ 3 ] Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, Dayton, WA 99362 USA

Journal: ECOLOGY

 

21TitleUpper crustal seismic structure of the Endeavour segment, Juan de Fuca Ridge from traveltime tomography: Implications for oceanic crustal accretion (Abstract only; registration required for full text)

Authors: Weekly, Robert T.[ 1 ] ; Wilcock, William S. D.[ 2 ] ; Toomey, Douglas R.[ 3 ] ; Hooft, Emilie E. E.[ 3 ] ; Kim, Eunyoung[ 4 ]

[ 1 ] Univ Washington, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
[ 2 ] Univ Washington, Sch Oceanog, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
[ 3 ] Univ Oregon, Dept Geol Sci, Eugene, OR 97403 USA
[ 4 ] Seoul Natl Univ, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Seoul, South Korea

Journal: GEOCHEMISTRY GEOPHYSICS GEOSYSTEMS

 

22TitleDeinking flexographically printed papers: The effect of deinking chemicals on water clarification with cupric chloride (Abstract only; registration required for full text)

Authors: Fernandez, Eric O.[ 1 ] ; Hodgson, Kevin T.[ 2,3 ]

[ 1 ] EP Minerals, Reno, NV USA
[ 2 ] Univ Washington, Coll Environm, Dept Bioresource Sci & Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
[ 3 ] Univ Washington, Coll Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA

Journal: APPITA

 

23TitleRegional impact of submarine canyons during seasonal upwelling (Abstract only; registration required for full text)

Authors: Connolly, Thomas P.[ 1 ] ; Hickey, Barbara M.[ 2 ]

[ 1 ] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA
[ 2 ] Univ Washington, Sch Oceanog, Seattle, WA 98195 USA

Journal: JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS


Demystifying lush landscapes of the ancient African Sahara

When thinking of rich green landscapes—ones where an abundance of rain keeps everything growing and vibrant, supporting water-loving wildlife like crocodiles and hippopotamus—the Sahara is hardly the place that comes to mind. Yet 6000 years ago, this would have appropriately described what has become the dry, thirsty landscape of the Sahara we know today.

Giraffe rock carvings in the Sahara Desert (photo: Matthew Paulson)
Giraffe rock carvings in the Sahara Desert (photo: Matthew Paulson)

The desert’s previous state of relative lushness has long been known by scientists and others. Ancient rock drawings from the area depict a sort of Shangri-La, reflecting an ecosystem that would require considerably more rainfall to exist. But what caused the Sahara to shift rapidly into the world’s most famous desert has remained a mystery.

Previous studies of how climate works can help explain this shift, including variations in energy from the sun due to wobbles in the Earth’s orbit, and the fact that a landscape with lots of vegetation helps promote local rainfall. Yet those two factors alone fell short in explaining why the ancient Sahara was green.

Abigail Swann, assistant professor of Atmospheric Sciences and Biology, and her colleagues published a paper in the July edition of the Journal of Climate that could provide the missing link.

Abagail Swann
Professor Abby Swann (photo: B Drummond)

Swann and her colleagues propose that the heavily forested landscapes of an ancient Europe and Asia were key to the thriving savannah ecosystems of the Sahara. 6000 years ago, before most agricultural expansion and the intense urbanization of Eurasia, there was substantially more forest cover that there is today. Swann accounted for that ancient forest cover by building them into computerized climate models, and found that when combined with other factors that affect climate, it was enough to influence atmospheric circulation patterns in the Tropics and drive much more rain to fall on the now-parched Sahara.

“This is really a new way of thinking about how forests matter for climate,” said Swann. “We find that the cutting down of ancient forests in Europe can change where it rains in Africa, and also across the tropics.”

These findings have broader implications than simply explaining a greener Sahara. They suggest to scientists a previously-unknown mechanism that affects climate patterns, one where vegetation in one place can have a huge influence and impact on the rainfall patterns and atmospheric circulation in another. Not only does this help explain past landscape conditions that have drastically changed, but it gives scientists another tool to predict how land use and a changing landscape can interact with the atmosphere and influence future climate dynamics.

“Scientists have used information about where plants grew in the past as records of the climate conditions that must have existed, but this study shows those plants of the past are telling us about a much bigger picture—and that’s a really exciting new source of information.”

Swann’s research was supported by the National Science Foundation.

 

Giraffe rock carving photo: Matthew Paulson (C), license.

Homepage photo of an antelope sleeping: Linus Wolf (C), license.

 


Using eDNA to help scientists monitor marine ecosystems

Through eDNA, a sample of seawater can yield information about who is living in nearby waters. (graphic: Kelly Lance)
By sampling eDNA, scientists can gather information about what species are in nearby waters. (graphic: Kelly Lance)

Marine plants and animals leave behind tiny markers of their presence, often in the form of skin cells that have been shed, damaged tissues, or waste products – and within that lies their signature DNA. From a sample of seawater, scientists can read that eDNA — that is, environmental DNA — and paint a picture of species diversity in specific ocean ecosystems, determine whether or not invasive species have landed in local waters, and even sharpen their ability to monitor ecosystem changes as is often required by law. Led by School of Marine and Environmental Affairs assistant professor Ryan Kelly, a team of scientists published their findings on June 27 in Science on this emerging method and its potential for marine management, monitoring, and ecology.


Aerosol effects on Arctic climate, land use effects on ecosystem services and more: this week’s College-published research

Each week we share the latest publications coming from the College of the Environment. This week, twenty-two new articles co-authored by members of the College of the Environment were added to the Web of Science.

1TitleClimate variation is filtered differently among lakes to influence growth of juvenile sockeye salmon in an Alaskan watershed (Abstract only; registration required for full text)

Authors: Griffiths, Jennifer R.[ 1 ] ; Schindler, Daniel E.[ 1 ] ; Ruggerone, Gregory T.[ 2 ] ; Bumgarner, Joseph D.[ 3 ]

[ 1 ] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
[ 2 ] Nat Resources Consultants Inc, Seattle, WA 98199 USA
[ 3 ] Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, Dayton, WA 99362 USA

Journal: OIKOS

 

2Title: Projected land-use change impacts on ecosystem services in the United States (Abstract only; registration required for full text)

Authors: Lawler, Joshua J.[ 1 ] ; Lewis, David J.[ 2 ] ; Nelson, Erik[ 3 ] ; Plantinga, Andrew J.[ 4 ] ; Polasky, Stephen[ 5,6 ] ; Withey, John C.[ 7 ] ; Helmers, David P.[ 8 ] ; Martinuzzi, Sebastin[ 8 ] ; Pennington, Derric[ 9 ] ; Radeloff, Volker C.[ 8 ]

[ 1 ] Univ Washington, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
[ 2 ] Oregon State Univ, Dept Appl Econ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA
[ 3 ] Bowdoin Coll, Dept Econ, Brunswick, ME 04011 USA
[ 4 ] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA
[ 5 ] Univ Minnesota, Dept Appl Econ, St Paul, MN 55108 USA
[ 6 ] Univ Minnesota, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, St Paul, MN 55108 USA
[ 7 ] Florida Int Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Miami, FL 33199 USA
[ 8 ] Univ Wisconsin, SILVIS Lab, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, Madison, WI 53706 USA
[ 9 ] World Wildlife Fund, Washington, DC 20090 USA

Journal: PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

 

3TitleDistribution of Surface Plastic Debris in the Eastern Pacific Ocean from an 11-Year Data Set (Abstract only; registration required for full text)

Authors: Law, Kara Lavender[ 1 ] ; Moret-Ferguson, Skye E.[ 1 ] ; Goodwin, Deborah S.[ 1 ] ; Zettler, Erik R.[ 1 ] ; De Force, Emelia[ 1,3 ] ; Kukulka, Tobias[ 4 ] ; Proskurowski, Giora[ 1,2 ]

[ 1 ] Sea Educ Assoc, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA
[ 2 ] Univ Washington, Sch Oceanog, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
[ 3 ] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA
[ 4 ] Univ Delaware, Sch Marine Sci & Policy, Coll Earth Ocean & Environm, Newark, DE 19716 USA

Journal: ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

 

4TitleAmphibians in the climate vice: loss and restoration of resilience of montane wetland ecosystems in the western US (Abstract only; registration required for full text)

Authors: Ryan, Maureen E.[ 1,2 ] ; Palen, Wendy J.[ 2 ] ; Adams, Michael J.[ 3 ] ; Rochefort, Regina M.[ 4 ]

[ 1 ] Univ Washington, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
[ 2 ] Simon Fraser Univ, Earth Ocean Res Grp, Dept Biol Sci, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
[ 3 ] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR USA
[ 4 ] North Cascades Natl Pk Complex, Sedro Woolley, WA USA

Journal: FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT

 

5TitleSpatial occupancy models applied to atlas data show Southern Ground Hornbills strongly depend on protected areas (Abstract only; registration required for full text)

Authors: Broms, Kristin M.[ 1 ] ; Johnson, Devin S.[ 2 ] ; Altwegg, Res[ 3,4,5 ] ; Conquest, Loveday L.[ 1,6 ]

[ 1 ] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
[ 2 ] NOAA, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA
[ 3 ] South African Natl Biodivers Inst, ZA-7735 Claremont, South Africa
[ 4 ] Univ Cape Town, Anim Demog Unit, Dept Biol Sci, ZA-7925 Cape Town, South Africa
[ 5 ] Univ Cape Town, Dept Stat Sci, ZA-7925 Cape Town, South Africa
[ 6 ] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98161 USA

Journal: ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS

 

6TitlePerturbed physics ensemble simulations of cirrus on the cloud system-resolving scale (Abstract only; registration required for full text)

Authors: Muhlbauer, Andreas[ 1 ] ; Berry, Elizabeth[ 2 ] ; Comstock, Jennifer M.[ 3 ] ; Mace, Gerald G.[ 2 ]

[ 1 ] Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Ocean, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
[ 2 ] Univ Utah, Dept Atmospher Sci, Salt Lake City, UT USA
[ 3 ] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA

Journal: JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES

 

7TitleRigorous meta-analysis of life history correlations by simultaneously analyzing multiple population dynamics models (Abstract only; registration required for full text)

Authors: Thorson, James T.[ 1 ] ; Taylor, Ian G.[ 1 ] ; Stewart, Ian J.[ 1 ] ; Punt, Andre E.[ 2 ]

[ 1 ] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fisheries Resource Anal & Monitoring Div, Seattle, WA 98112 USA
[ 2 ] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA

Journal: ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS

 

8TitleCrustal earthquake triggering by pre-historic great earthquakes on subduction zone thrusts (Abstract only; registration required for full text)

Authors: Sherrod, Brian[ 1 ] ; Gomberg, Joan[ 1 ]

[ 1 ] Univ Washington, Dept Earth & Space Sci, US Geol Survey, Seattle, WA 98195 USA

Journal: JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH

 

9TitleUsing Depth-Normalized Coordinates to Examine Mass Transport Residual Circulation in Estuaries with Large Tidal Amplitude Relative to the Mean Depth (Abstract only; registration required for full text)

Authors: Giddings, Sarah N.[ 1 ] ; Monismith, Stephen G.[ 2 ] ; Fong, Derek A.[ 2 ] ; Stacey, Mark T.[ 3 ]

[ 1 ] Univ Washington, Sch Oceanog, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
[ 2 ] Stanford Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Environm Fluid Mech Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
[ 3 ] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA

Journal: JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY

 

10TitleAn MCM modeling study of nitryl chloride (ClNO2) impacts on oxidation, ozone production and nitrogen oxide partitioning in polluted continental outflow (OPEN ACCESS!)

Authors: Riedel, T. P.[ 1,2 ] ; Wolfe, G. M.[ 3,4 ] ; Danas, K. T.[ 2 ] ; Gilman, J. B.[ 5,6 ] ; Kuster, W. C.[ 5,6 ] ; Bon, D. M.[ 5,6 ] ; Vlasenko, A.[ 7 ] ; Li, S. -M.[ 7 ] ; Williams, E. J.[ 5,6 ] ; Lerner, B. M.[ 5,6 ] ; Veres, P. R.[ 5,6 ] ; Roberts, J. M.[ 5 ] ; Holloway, J. S.[ 5 ] ; Lefer, B.[ 8 ] ; Brown, S. S.[ 5 ] ; Thornton, J. A.[ 2 ]

[ 1 ] Univ Washington, Dept Chem, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
[ 2 ] Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
[ 3 ] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Joint Ctr Earth Syst Technol, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA
[ 4 ] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Atmospher Chem & Dynam Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA
[ 5 ] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Chem Sci, Boulder, CO USA
[ 6 ] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
[ 7 ] Environm Canada, Sci & Technol Branch, Air Qual Res Div, Toronto, ON, Canada
[ 8 ] Univ Houston, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Houston, TX USA

Journal: ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS

 

11TitleOffsetting effects of aerosols on Arctic and global climate in the late 20th century (OPEN ACCESS!)

Authors: Yang, Q.[ 1,2 ] ; Bitz, C. M.[ 1 ] ; Doherty, S. J.[ 2 ]

[ 1 ] Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
[ 2 ] Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Ocean, Seattle, WA 98195 USA

Journal: ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS

 

12TitleTopographic locations and size of earthquake– and typhoon- generated landslides, Tachia River, Taiwan (Abstract only; registration required for full text)

Authors: Huang, Alice Y. -L.[ 1 ] ; Montgomery, David R.[ 1 ]

[ 1 ] Univ Washington, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA

Journal: EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS

 

13TitleModeling nitrogen-gas, -liquid, -solid chemistries at low temperatures (173-298 K) with applications to Titan (Abstract only; registration required for full text)

Authors: Marion, G. M.[ 1 ] ; Kargel, J. S.[ 2 ] ; Catling, D. C.[ 3 ] ; Linnie, J. I.[ 4 ]

[ 1 ] Desert Res Inst, Reno, NV 89512 USA
[ 2 ] Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Water Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA
[ 3 ] Univ Washington, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
[ 4 ] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA

Journal: ICARUS

 

14TitleSoluble salts at the Phoenix Lander site, Mars: A reanalysis of the Wet Chemistry Laboratory data (Abstract only; registration required for full text)

Authors: Toner, J. D.[ 1 ] ; Catling, D. C.[ 1 ] ; Light, B.[ 2 ]

[ 1 ] Univ Washington, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Astrobiol Program, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
[ 2 ] Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, Polar Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA

Journal: GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA

 

15TitleA comparison of implantation methods for large PIT tags or injectable acoustic transmitters in juvenile Chinook salmon (Abstract only; registration required for full text)

Authors: Cook, Katrina V.[ 1 ] ; Brown, Richard S.[ 1 ] ; Deng, Z. Daniel[ 2 ] ; Klett, Ryan S.[ 1 ] ; Li, Huidong[ 2 ] ; Seaburg, Adam G.[ 3 ] ; Eppard, M. Brad[ 4 ]

[ 1 ] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Ecol Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA
[ 2 ] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Hydrol Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA
[ 3 ] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Columbia Basin Res, Seattle, WA 98101 USA
[ 4 ] US Army Corps Engineers, Portland, OR 97208 USA

Journal: FISHERIES RESEARCH

 

16TitleThe adaptive capacity of fishery management systems for confronting climate change impacts on marine populations (Abstract only; registration required for full text)

Authors: Melnychuk, Michael C.[ 1 ] ; Banobi, Jeannette A.[ 1 ] ; Hilborn, Ray[ 1 ]

[ 1 ] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA

Journal: REVIEWS IN FISH BIOLOGY AND FISHERIES

 

17Title: Cortisol profiles in sockeye salmon: Sample bias and baseline values at migration, maturation, spawning, and senescence (Abstract only; registration required for full text)

Authors: Baker, M. R.[ 1 ] ; Vynne, C. H.[ 2 ]

[ 1 ] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
[ 2 ] Natl Fish & Wildlife Fdn, Washington, DC 20005 USA

Journal: FISHERIES RESEARCH

 

18TitleAdaptive behaviour of fishers to external perturbations: simulation of the Tasmanian rock lobster fishery (Abstract only; registration required for full text)

Authors: Hamon, Katell G.[ 5,1,2,3,4 ] ; Frusher, Stewart D.[ 3 ] ; Little, L. Richard[ 2 ] ; Thebaud, Olivier[ 6,1 ] ; Punt, Andre E.[ 7,2 ]

[ 1 ] IFREMER, UMR AMURE, Dept Econ Maritime, Plouzane, France
[ 2 ] CSIRO Marine & Atmospher Res, CSIRO Wealth Oceans Natl Res Flagship, Hobart, Tas, Australia
[ 3 ] Univ Tasmania, Inst Marine & Antarctic Studies Fisheries Aquacul, Hobart, Tas, Australia
[ 4 ] Univ Brest, Univ Europeenne Bretagne, UMR AMURE, IUEM, F-29238 Brest 3, France
[ 5 ] LEI Wageningen UR, Aquat Resources, NL-2502 LS The Hague, Netherlands
[ 6 ] CSIRO Marine & Atmospher Res, CSIRO Wealth Oceans Natl Res Flagship, EcoSci Precinct, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
[ 7 ] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA

Journal: REVIEWS IN FISH BIOLOGY AND FISHERIES

 

19TitleInfluence of Natural and Anthropogenic Disturbances on Spawning Sockeye Salmon Distributions in the Cedar River, Washington (Abstract only; registration required for full text)

Authors: Timm, Raymond K.[ 1,2 ] ; Wissmar, Robert C.[ 1 ]

[ 1 ] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
[ 2 ] King Cty Dept Nat Resources, Water & Land Resources Div, Seattle, WA 98104 USA

Journal: TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY

 

20TitleA 19-Month Record of Marine Aerosol- Cloud-Radiation Properties Derived from DOE ARM Mobile Facility Deployment at the Azores. Part I: Cloud Fraction and Single-Layered MBL Cloud Properties (Abstract only; registration required for full text)

Authors: Dong, Xiquan[ 1 ] ; Xi, Baike[ 1 ] ; Kennedy, Aaron[ 1 ] ; Minnis, Patrick[ 2 ] ; Wood, Robert[ 3 ]

[ 1 ] Univ N Dakota, Dept Atmospher Sci, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA
[ 2 ] NASA, Sci Directorate, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA USA
[ 3 ] Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA

Journal: JOURNAL OF CLIMATE

 

21TitleParallel signatures of selection in temporally isolated lineages of pink salmon (Abstract only; registration required for full text)

Authors: Seeb, L. W.[ 1 ] ; Waples, R. K.[ 1 ] ; Limborg, M. T.[ 1,2 ] ; Warheit, K. I.[ 1,3 ] ; Pascal, C. E.[ 1 ] ; Seeb, J. E.[ 1 ]

[ 1 ] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
[ 2 ] Tech Univ Denmark, Natl Inst Aquat Resources, Silkeborg, Denmark
[ 3 ] Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, Olympia, WA 98501 USA

Journal: MOLECULAR ECOLOGY

 

22Title: Subseasonal Atmospheric Variability and El Nino Waveguide Warming: Observed Effects of the Madden-Julian Oscillation and Westerly Wind Events* (Abstract only; registration required for full text)

Authors: Chiodi, Andrew M.[ 1,2 ] ; Harrison, D. E.[ 1,2 ] ; Vecchi, Gabriel A.[ 3 ]

[ 1 ] Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Ocean, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
[ 2 ] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA
[ 3 ] Princeton Univ, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA

Journal: JOURNAL OF CLIMATE


Shellfish center – named after UW’s Ken Chew – to tackle shellfish declines

Ken Chew
Ken Chew

Washington state’s newest shellfish hatchery – and the federal government’s only such hatchery in the region – has been named after long-time University of Washington faculty member Ken Chew, a professor emeritus of aquatic and fishery sciences. The Kenneth K. Chew Center for Shellfish Research and Restoration is housed at the Manchester Research Station operated by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration near Port Orchard. Its opening coincides with a new 10-year plan to rebuild populations of native Olympia oysters in Puget Sound.


[volunteer] UW Farm Education Coordinator; UW Farm Volunteer Educators

Interested in urban agriculture? Food studies? Farming? Check out the following opportunities to volunteer at the UW Farm this summer and in the upcoming year!

The UW Farm Education Coordinator

 The UW Farm is looking to fill its Education Coordinator position. This volunteer position is open to all applicants and will require a weekly time commitment, with the ideal candidate in the Seattle area over the summer and into the 2014-15 academic year. Applicants don’t need to be expert farmers, just willing to learn and share their knowledge. This position will allow you to gain confidence teaching others and try out new ideas and teaching methods in a low-stress environment.

 Responsibilities

The Coordinator will oversee volunteer “Educators” to work with children in an outdoor/farm environment with a focus on experiential education as part of the Bean Sprouts youth education program.  Additionally, the Coordinator will plan tours for UW classes and connect students to food and agriculture at UW.

 

Qualifications

Applicants should be organized and reliable and able to work with other Farm Leaders and coordinate volunteers, run a calendar of events, and work with UW Faculty. Applicants must be able to pass a criminal background check.

To apply email your resume and a cover letter to theuwfarm@gmail.com with the title of the position in the subject line.

 

 ———————————

The UW Farm Volunteer Educators

The UW Farm is looking to fill several Volunteer Educator positions. The positions are open to all applicants with the ideal candidate in the Seattle area over the summer and into the 2014-15 academic year. Applicants don’t need to be expert farmers, just willing to learn and share their knowledge. This position will allow you to gain confidence teaching others and try out new ideas and teaching methods in a low-stress environment.

Responsibilities

Educators will work with the Education Coordinator to teach children in an outdoor/farm environment with a focus on experiential education as part of the Bean Sprouts youth education program. Additionally, Educators will run tours for UW classes and connect students to food and agriculture at UW.

Qualifications

Applicants should be organized and reliable and able to work with the Education Coordinator and fellow volunteers. Must be able to commit to events ahead of time and pass a criminal background check. Most importantly, Educators should be excited about growing food and teaching!

To apply email your resume and a cover letter to theuwfarm@gmail.com with the title of the position in the subject line.


LAND DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANT

cepmakinithappen:

SALARY: $30-35K DOE

FULL TIME, 40 HRS/WK, M-F

JOB OPENING: 6/11/14-6/25/14

JOB SUMMARY: The Land Development Assistant position is a varied and semi-skilled position initiated to assist the Director of Land Development as needed. Employment requires a Bachelor’s Degree or at least 2 years experience in planning, development or a related field. A strong desire to learn the industry combined with the ability to quickly grasp business related concepts while performing various tasks with a wide degree of creativity is expected.

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