Program on the Environment

Solid waste management in tribal communities is constrained by geographic isolation, limited infrastructure, and long-standing inequities in environmental services, making sustainable practices like composting harder to implement. Although composting can reduce landfill waste and support soil health, adoption depends on more than structural barriers alone. Perceptions of composting, such as whether it feels confusing, messy, or unimportant could also affect participation. The aim of this study was to examine these perceptions and understand how they may act as barriers to composting adoption in tribal communities. This research was conducted through an internship with the Tribal Solid Waste Advisory Network, where I designed and distributed a survey to assess community perceptions of composting. The survey focused on participants’ knowledge, attitudes, and perceived relevance of composting in their daily lives. Alongside this research, I developed educational materials, including simple instructional flyers, to address knowledge gaps. Survey results suggest that participants were generally confident in how to compost, but less certain about where to take compost after collecting it. Concerns about composting being messy, requiring too much effort, or attracting pests were also prevalent. These findings show that perception-based barriers can influence composting behavior alongside physical barriers like access and infrastructure. Addressing these barriers requires targeted outreach, clear educational materials, and culturally relevant messaging. Improving composting adoption can support stronger waste management while also contributing to environmental health, community resilience, and Indigenous sovereignty.